1. What is the normal range for the PR interval in a standard 12-lead ECG?
2. Describe the ECG findings in sinus bradycardia.
3. What are the criteria for diagnosing sinus tachycardia on an ECG?
4. Differentiate between atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter based on ECG characteristics.
5. What is the significance of the QRS complex duration in determining heart block on an ECG?
6. Identify the key features of a normal sinus rhythm on an ECG.
7. How would you differentiate between ventricular tachycardia and supraventricular tachycardia on an ECG?
8. Describe the ECG findings in a first-degree atrioventricular (AV) block.
9. What are the typical findings of left bundle branch block (LBBB) on an ECG?
10. How would you identify a junctional rhythm on an ECG?
11. Describe the ECG characteristics of a Mobitz Type II second-degree AV block.
12. Differentiate between atrial premature contractions (APCs) and ventricular premature contractions (VPCs) on an ECG.
13. Identify the criteria for diagnosing right bundle branch block (RBBB) on an ECG.
14. What ECG changes would you expect in a patient with hyperkalemia?
15. Describe the ECG findings in a Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome.
16. How would you identify ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) on an ECG?
17. Differentiate between ST-segment elevation and ST-segment depression on an ECG.
18. Identify the criteria for diagnosing sinus arrest or sinoatrial (SA) block on an ECG.
19. What are the ECG features of a prolonged QT interval, and why is it clinically significant?
20. Describe the ECG findings in a 2:1 atrioventricular (AV) block.
21. How would you differentiate between normal variant early repolarization and acute myocardial infarction on an ECG?
22. Identify the characteristic ECG changes in pericarditis.
23. Describe the ECG features of ventricular fibrillation.
24. What are the criteria for diagnosing left atrial enlargement on an ECG?
25. How would you identify a junctional escape rhythm on an ECG?
26. Describe the ECG findings in a 3rd-degree atrioventricular (AV) block.
27. Differentiate between the ECG characteristics of sinus rhythm with premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) and ventricular tachycardia.
28. Identify the ECG criteria for diagnosing right atrial enlargement.
29. How would you differentiate between supraventricular premature contractions (SPCs) and ventricular premature contractions (VPCs) on an ECG?
30. Describe the ECG features of ventricular bigeminy.
31. What ECG changes would you expect in a patient with hypokalemia?
32. Identify the criteria for diagnosing left ventricular hypertrophy on an ECG.
33. Differentiate between the ECG characteristics of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and atrial flutter with 2:1 conduction.
34. How would you identify atrial fibrillation with a rapid ventricular response on an ECG?
35. Describe the ECG findings in a wandering pacemaker rhythm.
36. What are the ECG features of premature atrial contractions (PACs)?
37. Identify the criteria for diagnosing left bundle branch block (LBBB) on an ECG.
38. How would you differentiate between sinus rhythm with an ectopic atrial rhythm and sinus rhythm with a junctional rhythm on an ECG?
39. Describe the ECG features of ventricular trigeminy.
40. What ECG changes would you expect in a patient with hypercalcemia?
41. Identify the criteria for diagnosing right ventricular hypertrophy on an ECG.
42. Differentiate between the ECG characteristics of sinus rhythm with premature atrial contractions (PACs) and atrial flutter with variable block.
43. How would you identify sinus arrest with escape beats on an ECG?
44. Describe the ECG findings in a complete heart block.
45. What are the ECG features of atrial flutter with 2:1 conduction?
46. Identify the ECG criteria for diagnosing biatrial enlargement.
47. How would you differentiate between sinus rhythm with an ectopic atrial rhythm and sinus rhythm with ventricular premature contractions (VPCs) on an ECG?
48. Describe the ECG features of ventricular quadrigeminy.
49. What ECG changes would you expect in a patient with hypocalcemia?
50. Identify the criteria for diagnosing biventricular hypertrophy on an ECG.
51. Differentiate between the ECG characteristics of sinus rhythm with premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) and ventricular bigeminy.
52. How would you identify ventricular fibrillation on an ECG?
53. Describe the ECG findings in a junctional rhythm with 2:1 block.
54. What are the ECG features of atrial flutter with variable block?
55. Identify the criteria for diagnosing biventricular hypertrophy on an ECG.
56. How would you differentiate between sinus rhythm with an ectopic atrial rhythm and sinus rhythm with ventricular trigeminy on an ECG?
57. Describe the ECG features of atrial fibrillation with a rapid ventricular response.
58. What ECG changes would you expect in a patient with hypermagnesemia?
59. Identify the criteria for diagnosing left ventricular hypertrophy on an ECG.
60. Differentiate between the ECG characteristics of sinus rhythm with premature atrial contractions (PACs) and atrial fibrillation with a rapid ventricular response.
61. How would you identify an accelerated idioventricular rhythm on an ECG?
62. Describe the ECG findings in a left anterior fascicular block (LAFB).
63. What are the ECG features of atrial fibrillation with a slow ventricular response?
64. Identify the ECG criteria for diagnosing right ventricular hypertrophy.
65. How would you differentiate between the ECG characteristics of sinus rhythm with an ectopic atrial rhythm and sinus rhythm with premature junctional contractions (PJCs)?
66. Describe the ECG features of atrial fibrillation with a controlled ventricular response.
67. What ECG changes would you expect in a patient with hyperkalemia?
68. Identify the criteria for diagnosing left atrial enlargement on an ECG.
69. Differentiate between the ECG characteristics of sinus rhythm with premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) and ventricular trigeminy.
70. How would you identify an idioventricular rhythm on an ECG?
71. Describe the ECG findings in a left posterior fascicular block (LPFB).
72. What are the ECG features of premature ventricular contractions (PVCs)?
73. Identify the ECG criteria for diagnosing biatrial enlargement.
74. How would you differentiate between the ECG characteristics of sinus rhythm with premature atrial contractions (PACs) and atrial flutter with a 3:1 block?
75. Describe the ECG features of atrial fibrillation with an irregularly irregular ventricular response.
76. What ECG changes would you expect in a patient with hypocalcemia?
77. Identify the criteria for diagnosing left ventricular hypertrophy on an ECG.
78. Differentiate between the ECG characteristics of sinus rhythm with premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) and ventricular quadrigeminy.
79. How would you identify ventricular tachycardia on an ECG?
80. Describe the ECG findings in a right bundle branch block (RBBB).
81. What are the ECG features of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT)?
82. Identify the ECG criteria for diagnosing right atrial enlargement.
83. How would you differentiate between sinus rhythm with an ectopic atrial rhythm and sinus rhythm with premature junctional contractions (PJCs) on an ECG?
84. Describe the ECG features of ventricular couplets.
85. What ECG changes would you expect in a patient with hypomagnesemia?
86. Identify the criteria for diagnosing biventricular hypertrophy on an ECG.
87. Differentiate between the ECG characteristics of sinus rhythm with premature atrial contractions (PACs) and atrial fibrillation with a slow ventricular response.
88. How would you identify an accelerated idioventricular rhythm on an ECG?
89. Describe the ECG findings in a right anterior fascicular block (RAFB).
90. What are the ECG features of ventricular bigeminy?
91. Identify the ECG criteria for diagnosing left ventricular hypertrophy on an ECG.
92. How would you differentiate between the ECG characteristics of sinus rhythm with premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) and ventricular bigeminy?
93. Describe the ECG features of atrial flutter with a 3:1 block.
94. What ECG changes would you expect in a patient with hypercalcemia?
95. Identify the criteria for diagnosing right ventricular hypertrophy on an ECG.
96. Differentiate between the ECG characteristics of sinus rhythm with an ectopic atrial rhythm and sinus rhythm with premature junctional contractions (PJCs).
97. How would you identify an idioventricular rhythm on an ECG?
98. Describe the ECG findings in a right posterior fascicular block (RPFB).
99. What are the ECG features of ventricular trigeminy?
100. Identify the ECG criteria for diagnosing biatrial enlargement.