Category Archives: disease

Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Management of Viral Conjunctivitis

    Viral conjunctivitis, commonly known as “pink eye,” is a contagious eye condition caused by various viral agents. This article delves into the etiology, pathogenesis, and management of viral conjunctivitis, shedding light on its causes, mechanisms, and strategies for effective treatment. Etiology: Viral Culprits Behind Conjunctivitis Viral conjunctivitis primarily stems from adenoviruses, with other… Read More »

Pre-eclampsia and Eclampsia

Eclampsia is the sequelae of the pre-eclampsia in which pregnant or postpartum women develops convulsions or coma. It usually occurs after 20 weeks of gestation. Pre-eclampsia is manifested by hypertension and protienuria. Overview of Eclampsia A short article by Medscape. Managing eclampsia A 139 pages training module for mid-wives by WHO for management of eclampsia.… Read More »

Complications of nasal polyps

Nasal Polyps>>Definition>>Classification>>Ethmoidal polyp>>Antrocoanal polyp>>Prevention>>Complication>>Differential diagnosis PREVENTION OF RECURRENCE OF NASAL POLYPS  Identify the underlying cause of polyps and treat it accordingly. COMPLICATIONS OF NASAL POLYPS. 1.     Nasal obstruction 2.     Insomnia 3.     Sinusitis 4.     Respiratory tract infections 5.     Broadening of nose and increased intercanthal distance. 6.     Headache 7.     Facial pain. IMPORTANT POINTS TO REMEMBER IN A CASE… Read More »

ANTROCOANAL POLYPS

Nasal Polyps>>Definition>>Classification>>Ethmoidal polyp>>Antrocoanal polyp>>Prevention>>Complication>>Differential diagnosis   DEFINITION  This polyp arises from the mucosa of maxillary antrum near its accessory ostium, comes out and grows in choana and nasal cavity. Thus it has 3 parts           Antral ·              Choanal ·              Nasal ETIOLOGY Nasal allergy coupled with sinus infection is important cause. These polyps… Read More »

ETHMOIDAL POLYPI

Nasal Polyps>>Definition>>Classification>>Ethmoidal polyp>>Antrocoanal polyp>>Prevention>>Complication>>Differential diagnosis Nasal Polyps ETHMOIDAL POLYPI  Definition There is edematous hypertrophy of submucosa with loose fibrous stroma. ETIOLOGY Polyps are RED FLAGS indicating the presence of chronic inflammatory: chronic sinusitis (longstanding bacterial infection of facial sinuses) is one explanation; as is allergy (eg allergy to pollen, dust mites, mould spore, cat danden e.t.c.). Other possible causes… Read More »

Definition of nasal polyps

Nasal Polyps    Definition>Classification>Ethmoidal polyp>Antrocoanal    polyp>Prevention>Complication>Differential diagnosis DEFINITION  Nasal polyps are non-neoplastic masses of edematous nasal or sinus mucosa  INCIDENCE  Incidence in general population is unknown possibly between 1 % -2 % .There is higher incidence in asthmatics (20 –30 %) and even higher (49 %) in those asthmatics hypersensitive to aspirin .It is most… Read More »

Nasal Polyps

Definition Nasal polyps are non-neoplastic masses of edematous nasal or sinus mucosa Incidence Approx 1-2 percent in general population Classification Nasal polyps are classified into 2 main categories. Ethmoidal polyp There is edematous hypertrophy of submucosa with loose fibrous stroma. Antrocoanal polyp This polyp arises from the mucosa of maxillary antrum near its accessory ostium,… Read More »

Deep Venous Thrombosis

  Definition and Etiology Clinical Pathophysiology Presentation and Physical Examination Wells Score Diagnostic Studies Differential diagnosis Management Prophylaxis IN POWERPOINT FORMAT Definition Deep vein thrombosis is the formation of a blood clot in one of the deep veins of the body, usually in the leg ETIOLOGY DVT usually originates in the lower extremity venous level,… Read More »

Establishment of Maternity Homes:

  Narrative Summary Objectively verifiable indicators Means   of verification Important Assumptions Goals / Objectives1. 33% reduction in maternal mortality ratio after three years of project implementation 1. MMR2. Live Births3. Maternal Deaths 1. LHW monthly Report2. Maternity Homes and EmOC Record 1. LHW will report correct information regularly on monthly basis Project Purpose1. Establishment of… Read More »

Establishment of Maternity Homes at Union Council Level

PROJECT PAPER Tauseef Akhund Research Officer Paediatric Department. Agha Khan University Karachi Pakistan Title: Establishment of Maternity Homes at Union Council Level Problem: High Maternal Mortality in Rural Areas Rationale: In rural areas of Pakistan due to lack of skilled birth attendants, percentage of deliveries conducted by skilled birth attendants is very low and there… Read More »