Endocrinology MCQs

By | October 18, 2023

1. Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood sugar levels?
a) Insulin
b) Glucagon
c) Thyroxine
d) Estrogen

2. The master gland of the endocrine system is the:
a) Thyroid gland
b) Pancreas
c) Pituitary gland
d) Adrenal gland

3. Which hormone is known as the “stress hormone”?
a) Estrogen
b) Cortisol
c) Progesterone
d) Testosterone

4. Hyperthyroidism is characterized by an overproduction of which hormone?
a) Insulin
b) Thyroxine (T4)
c) Cortisol
d) Growth hormone

5. What hormone is responsible for promoting water reabsorption in the kidneys?
a) Aldosterone
b) Glucagon
c) Epinephrine
d) Prolactin

6. In diabetes, the inability of cells to respond to insulin is known as:
a) Type 1 diabetes
b) Type 2 diabetes
c) Insulin resistance
d) Gestational diabetes

7. Which hormone is responsible for regulating the sleep-wake cycle?
a) Melatonin
b) Thyroxine
c) Parathyroid hormone
d) Somatotropin

8. The condition in which there is an excess of growth hormone in adulthood is called:
a) Gigantism
b) Acromegaly
c) Dwarfism
d) Cushing’s syndrome

9. Which gland is responsible for the production of melatonin?
a) Pituitary gland
b) Pineal gland
c) Adrenal gland
d) Pancreas

10. Prolactin is a hormone that stimulates:
a) Growth of bones
b) Milk production in the breasts
c) Blood sugar levels
d) Heart rate

11. Which hormone regulates calcium levels in the blood?
a) Thyroxine
b) Parathyroid hormone
c) Insulin
d) Estrogen

12. The hormone responsible for the “fight or flight” response is:
a) Insulin
b) Epinephrine
c) Estrogen
d) Progesterone

13. In men, the primary hormone responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics is:
a) Testosterone
b) Estrogen
c) Progesterone
d) Prolactin

14. Which condition is characterized by a deficiency of thyroid hormones in infants?
a) Cretinism
b) Goiter
c) Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
d) Addison’s disease

15. Which hormone is produced by the adrenal glands in response to stress?
a) Aldosterone
b) Cortisol
c) Insulin
d) Glucagon

16. The hormone responsible for stimulating uterine contractions during labor is:
a) Estrogen
b) Oxytocin
c) Progesterone
d) Thyroxine

17. Hyperparathyroidism is characterized by excess production of:
a) Thyroxine
b) Parathyroid hormone
c) Insulin
d) Estrogen

18. Which gland is known as the “third eye” and plays a role in circadian rhythms?
a) Pituitary gland
b) Pineal gland
c) Adrenal gland
d) Pancreas

19. The hormone responsible for promoting the maturation of eggs in the ovaries is:
a) Insulin
b) Progesterone
c) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
d) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

20. Which condition results from an excess of aldosterone production?
a) Addison’s disease
b) Cushing’s syndrome
c) Conn’s syndrome
d) Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

21. The hormone responsible for promoting the development of breast tissue in females is:
a) Prolactin
b) Oxytocin
c) Estrogen
d) Progesterone

22. Hypothyroidism is characterized by an underproduction of which hormone?
a) Insulin
b) Cortisol
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Glucagon

23. The hormone that stimulates the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow is:
a) Thyroxine
b) Erythropoietin
c) Insulin
d) Parathyroid hormone

24. Which hormone is produced by the placenta during pregnancy and helps maintain the uterine lining?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
d) Prolactin

25. The condition in which the pancreas produces little to no insulin is called:
a) Hyperthyroidism
b) Type 1 diabetes
c) Type 2 diabetes
d) Gestational diabetes

26. What is the primary function of the adrenal medulla?
a) Producing cortisol
b) Producing epinephrine and norepinephrine
c) Regulating calcium levels
d) Regulating insulin levels

27. The hormone responsible for regulating sodium and potassium levels in the body is:
a) Thyroxine
b) Cortisol
c) Aldosterone
d) Glucagon

28. Which hormone stimulates the development of male secondary sexual characteristics?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin

29. The condition characterized by an overproduction of growth hormone in childhood is known as:
a) Gigantism
b) Acromegaly
c) Dwarfism
d) Addison’s disease

30. Which condition results from a deficiency of insulin production or action?
a) Hyperthyroidism
b) Type 1 diabetes
c) Type 2 diabetes
d) Cushing’s syndrome

31. The hormone responsible for regulating the body’s metabolism is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Prolactin

32. Which hormone plays a role in regulating blood calcium levels by stimulating bone resorption?
a) Parathyroid hormone
b) Insulin
c) Cortisol
d) Aldosterone

33. The hormone responsible for promoting milk ejection during breastfeeding is:
a) Estrogen
b) Oxytocin
c) Progesterone
d) Thyroxine

34. In hyperthyroidism, the thyroid gland is overactive and produces excessive amounts of:
a) Insulin
b) Cortisol

c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Glucagon

35. Which hormone stimulates the release of an egg from the ovary?
a) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
b) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
c) Prolactin
d) Oxytocin

36. Addison’s disease is characterized by a deficiency of hormones produced by which gland?
a) Thyroid gland
b) Adrenal gland
c) Pituitary gland
d) Pancreas

37. Which hormone is responsible for regulating the body’s response to stress and inflammation?
a) Epinephrine
b) Insulin
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Cortisol

38. The condition characterized by excessive thirst and urination, often related to diabetes, is called:
a) Cushing’s syndrome
b) Polydipsia
c) Hypothyroidism
d) Addison’s disease

39. The hormone that regulates the body’s sleep-wake cycle is:
a) Epinephrine
b) Melatonin
c) Insulin
d) Prolactin

40. What hormone is produced by the ovaries and is responsible for the development of female secondary sexual characteristics?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin

41. The primary hormone produced by the adrenal cortex is:
a) Epinephrine
b) Aldosterone
c) Cortisol
d) Oxytocin

42. The hormone responsible for promoting the development and maintenance of male sexual characteristics is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin

43. Which condition results from an underproduction of insulin or the body’s inability to use it effectively?
a) Hyperthyroidism
b) Type 1 diabetes
c) Type 2 diabetes
d) Cushing’s syndrome

44. The hormone that regulates blood pressure by controlling sodium and potassium levels is:
a) Insulin
b) Cortisol
c) Aldosterone
d) Thyroxine

45. What is the primary hormone responsible for milk production in the breasts?
a) Oxytocin
b) Estrogen
c) Progesterone
d) Prolactin

46. In diabetes, the hormone responsible for lowering blood sugar levels is:
a) Insulin
b) Glucagon
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Cortisol

47. Which hormone stimulates the growth and development of bones and muscles?
a) Estrogen
b) Thyroxine (T4)
c) Growth hormone
d) Progesterone

48. The hormone that plays a crucial role in regulating the menstrual cycle and pregnancy is:
a) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
b) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
c) Progesterone
d) Prolactin

49. What is the primary hormone produced by the ovaries and responsible for regulating the menstrual cycle?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin

50. Which hormone stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine (T4)?
a) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
b) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
c) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
d) Prolactin

51. The hormone responsible for maintaining the uterine lining during pregnancy is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Oxytocin
d) Thyroxine (T4)

52. Which hormone stimulates the release of milk from the mammary glands during breastfeeding?
a) Estrogen
b) Oxytocin
c) Progesterone
d) Thyroxine (T4)

53. The condition characterized by an enlarged thyroid gland is known as:
a) Goiter
b) Cushing’s syndrome
c) Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
d) Gigantism

54. In diabetes, the hormone responsible for raising blood sugar levels is:
a) Insulin
b) Glucagon
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Cortisol

55. What hormone is produced by the hypothalamus and stimulates the release of hormones from the pituitary gland?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
d) Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)

56. The hormone that regulates blood calcium levels by promoting calcium uptake in bones is:
a) Insulin
b) Cortisol
c) Parathyroid hormone
d) Estrogen

57. Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the growth and development of the female reproductive system?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin

58. The hormone responsible for promoting the development of male secondary sexual characteristics is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin

59. Which hormone is produced by the parathyroid glands and regulates blood calcium levels?
a) Insulin
b) Cortisol
c) Parathyroid hormone
d) Glucagon

60. The hormone responsible for regulating the menstrual cycle and preparing the uterus for pregnancy is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Oxytocin

61. In diabetes, the hormone responsible for converting glucose into energy is:
a) Insulin
b) Glucagon
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Cortisol

62. What hormone stimulates the production of red blood cells in response to low oxygen levels?
a) Erythropoietin
b) Estrogen
c) Insulin
d) Cortisol

63. The hormone responsible for regulating the menstrual cycle and ovulation is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
d) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

64. Which hormone is produced by the adrenal glands and is involved in the fight-or-flight response?
a) Thyroxine (T4)
b) Epinephrine
c) Insulin
d) Oxytocin

65. The hormone that promotes the development of the male reproductive system is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin

66. Which hormone stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine (T4)?
a) Lutein

izing hormone (LH)
b) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
c) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
d) Prolactin

67. The hormone responsible for promoting the development of female secondary sexual characteristics is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin

68. What is the primary hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that regulates salt and water balance in the body?
a) Epinephrine
b) Aldosterone
c) Cortisol
d) Oxytocin

69. In diabetes, the hormone responsible for raising blood sugar levels is:
a) Insulin
b) Glucagon
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Cortisol

70. Which hormone stimulates the release of milk from the mammary glands during breastfeeding?
a) Estrogen
b) Oxytocin
c) Progesterone
d) Thyroxine (T4)

71. The hormone responsible for promoting the growth and development of the male reproductive system is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin

72. Which hormone is produced by the hypothalamus and stimulates the release of hormones from the pituitary gland?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
d) Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)

73. The hormone that regulates blood calcium levels by promoting calcium uptake in bones is:
a) Insulin
b) Cortisol
c) Parathyroid hormone
d) Estrogen

74. What hormone stimulates the growth and development of the female reproductive system?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin

75. The hormone responsible for regulating the menstrual cycle and preparing the uterus for pregnancy is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Oxytocin

76. In diabetes, the hormone responsible for converting glucose into energy is:
a) Insulin
b) Glucagon
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Cortisol

77. What hormone stimulates the production of red blood cells in response to low oxygen levels?
a) Erythropoietin
b) Estrogen
c) Insulin
d) Cortisol

78. The hormone responsible for regulating the menstrual cycle and ovulation is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
d) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

79. Which hormone is produced by the adrenal glands and is involved in the fight-or-flight response?
a) Thyroxine (T4)
b) Epinephrine
c) Insulin
d) Oxytocin

80. The hormone that promotes the development of the male reproductive system is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin

81. What is the primary hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that regulates salt and water balance in the body?
a) Epinephrine
b) Aldosterone
c) Cortisol
d) Oxytocin

82. In diabetes, the hormone responsible for raising blood sugar levels is:
a) Insulin
b) Glucagon
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Cortisol

83. Which hormone stimulates the release of milk from the mammary glands during breastfeeding?
a) Estrogen
b) Oxytocin
c) Progesterone
d) Thyroxine (T4)

84. The hormone responsible for promoting the growth and development of the male reproductive system is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin

85. Which hormone is produced by the hypothalamus and stimulates the release of hormones from the pituitary gland?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
d) Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)

86. The hormone that regulates blood calcium levels by promoting calcium uptake in bones is:
a) Insulin
b) Cortisol
c) Parathyroid hormone
d) Estrogen

87. What hormone stimulates the growth and development of the female reproductive system?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin

88. The hormone responsible for regulating the menstrual cycle and preparing the uterus for pregnancy is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Oxytocin

89. In diabetes, the hormone responsible for converting glucose into energy is:
a) Insulin
b) Glucagon
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Cortisol

90. What hormone stimulates the production of red blood cells in response to low oxygen levels?
a) Erythropoietin
b) Estrogen
c) Insulin
d) Cortisol

91. The hormone responsible for regulating the menstrual cycle and ovulation is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
d) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

92. Which hormone is produced by the adrenal glands and is involved in the fight-or-flight response?
a) Thyroxine (T4)
b) Epinephrine
c) Insulin
d) Oxytocin

93. The hormone that promotes the development of the male reproductive system is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin

94. What is the primary hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that regulates salt and water balance in the body?
a) Epinephrine
b) Aldosterone
c) Cortisol
d) Oxytocin

95. In diabetes, the hormone responsible for raising blood sugar levels is:
a) Insulin
b) Glucagon
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Cortisol

96. Which hormone stimulates the release of milk from the mammary glands during breastfeeding?
a) Estrogen
b) Oxytocin
c) Progesterone
d) Thyroxine (T4)

97. The hormone responsible for promoting the growth and development of the male reproductive system is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin

98.

Which hormone is produced by the hypothalamus and stimulates the release of hormones from the pituitary gland?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
d) Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)

99. The hormone that regulates blood calcium levels by promoting calcium uptake in bones is:
a) Insulin
b) Cortisol
c) Parathyroid hormone
d) Estrogen

100. What hormone stimulates the growth and development of the female reproductive system?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin

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