1. What is the primary mode of transmission for hepatitis C?
a) Fecal-oral
b) Parenteral (Blood)
c) Sexual
d) Respiratory
Answer: b) Parenteral (Blood)
2. Which of the following viruses is responsible for causing hepatitis C?
a) HAV
b) HBV
c) HCV
d) HDV
Answer: c) HCV
3. What is the primary antigen found on the surface of HBV?
a) HBsAg
b) HBeAg
c) HBcAg
d) Anti-HBs
Answer: a) HBsAg
4. Which antibody indicates prior HAV infection and/or prior vaccination?
a) Anti-HAV (IgM)
b) Anti-HAV (IgG)
c) Anti-HBs
d) Anti-HBc
Answer: b) Anti-HAV (IgG)
5. What is the best test to detect acute hepatitis A?
a) Anti-HAV (IgM)
b) Anti-HAV (IgG)
c) HBsAg
d) Anti-HBs
Answer: a) Anti-HAV (IgM)
6. Which antibody is the sole positive marker of infection during the window period?
a) Anti-HAV (IgM)
b) Anti-HAV (IgG)
c) Anti-HBs
d) Anti-HBc
Answer: a) Anti-HAV (IgM)
7. What is the primary mode of transmission for hepatitis A?
a) Fecal-oral
b) Parenteral (Blood)
c) Sexual
d) Respiratory
Answer: a) Fecal-oral
8. Which virus lacks 3′-5′ exonuclease activity and has no proofreading ability?
a) HAV
b) HBV
c) HCV
d) HDV
Answer: c) HCV
9. Which virus is an RNA hepevirus?
a) HAV
b) HBV
c) HCV
d) HEV
Answer: d) HEV
10. What is the primary antigen associated with the core of HBV?
a) HBsAg
b) HBeAg
c) HBcAg
d) Anti-HBs
Answer: c) HBcAg
11. Which virus is an RNA deltavirus?
a) HAV
b) HBV
c) HCV
d) HDV
Answer: d) HDV
12. Which virus is an RNA flavivirus?
a) HAV
b) HBV
c) HCV
d) HEV
Answer: c) HCV
13. Which virus is a DNA hepadnavirus?
a) HAV
b) HBV
c) HCV
d) HEV
Answer: b) HBV
14. Which virus is an RNA picornavirus?
a) HAV
b) HBV
c) HCV
d) HEV
Answer: a) HAV
15. Which virus is responsible for causing chronic hepatitis C in the majority of cases?
a) HAV
b) HBV
c) HCV
d) HDV
Answer: c) HCV
16. Which virus is associated with a high risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)?
a) HAV
b) HBV
c) HCV
d) HDV
Answer: b) HBV
17. Which virus is associated with a carrier state that is very common?
a) HAV
b) HBV
c) HCV
d) HDV
Answer: b) HBV
18. Which virus is associated with lymphoid aggregates with focal areas of macrovesicular steatosis on liver biopsy?
a) HAV
b) HBV
c) HCV
d) HDV
Answer: c) HCV
19. Which virus is associated with hepatocyte swelling, monocyte infiltration, and Councilman bodies on liver biopsy?
a) HAV
b) HBV
c) HCV
d) HDV
Answer: a) HAV
20. Which virus is associated with a granular eosinophilic “ground glass” appearance due to the accumulation of surface antigen within infected hepatocytes on liver biopsy?
a) HAV
b) HBV
c) HCV
d) HDV
Answer: b) HBV
21. Which virus is associated with patchy necrosis on liver biopsy?
a) HAV
b) HBV
c) HCV
d) HDV
Answer: d) HDV
22. Which virus depends on HBV HBsAg coat for entry into hepatocytes?
a) HAV
b) HBV
c) HCV
d) HDV
Answer: d) HDV
23. Whichvirus lacks a carrier state?
a) HAV
b) HBV
c) HCV
d) HDV
Answer: a) HAV
24. Which virus is associated with a defective virus that depends on HBV HBsAg coat for entry into hepatocytes?
a) HAV
b) HBV
c) HCV
d) HDV
Answer: d) HDV
25. Which virus is associated with episodes of fever, jaundice, and elevated ALT and AST levels?
a) HAV
b) HBV
c) HCV
d) HDV
Answer: All of the above (HAV, HBV, HCV, HDV)
26. Which virus lacks an envelope and is not destroyed by the gut?
a) HAV
b) HBV
c) HCV
d) HDV
Answer: a) HAV
27. Which virus has DNA- and RNA-dependent activities in its DNA polymerase?
a) HAV
b) HBV
c) HCV
d) HDV
Answer: b) HBV
28. Which virus completes the partial dsDNA upon entry into the nucleus?
a) HAV
b) HBV
c) HCV
d) HDV
Answer: b) HBV
29. Which virus reverse transcribes viral RNA to DNA, which is the genome of the progeny virus?
a) HAV
b) HBV
c) HCV
d) HDV
Answer: b) HBV
1. A 45-year-old patient presents with episodes of fever, jaundice, and elevated ALT and AST levels. Which hepatitis virus is most likely causing these symptoms?
2. A patient with chronic hepatitis C infection is being considered for treatment. What is the mechanism of action of antiviral drugs like remdesivir and molnupiravir in treating hepatitis C?
3. A pregnant woman with hepatitis C infection is at high risk for complications. What is the prognosis for expectant mothers with hepatitis C?
4. A patient with a history of hepatitis C infection is found to have lichen planus. What is the association between hepatitis C and lichen planus?
5. A healthcare worker accidentally pricks themselves with a needle contaminated with hepatitis C virus. What serologic marker should be tested to determine if the worker has been infected?
6. A patient with chronic hepatitis C infection develops hepatocellular carcinoma. What is the association between hepatitis C and hepatocellular carcinoma?
7. A patient with acute hepatitis C infection has a short incubation period. What is the usual mode of transmission for hepatitis C?
8. A patient with chronic hepatitis C infection undergoes a liver biopsy. What histological findings would be expected in the liver tissue?
9. A patient with chronic hepatitis C infection is being considered for treatment. What is the goal of therapy for hepatitis C?
10. A patient with chronic hepatitis C infection is interested in getting vaccinated against hepatitis C. Is there currently a vaccine available for hepatitis C?