1. A newborn baby presents with a soft, compressible swelling on the back of the head. This is most likely due to:
A. Cephalohematoma
B. Caput succedaneum
C. Occipital osteomyelitis
D. Occipital bone fracture
2. A 45-year-old patient complains of severe headaches and neck pain after a motor vehicle accident. Imaging reveals a fracture of the occipital bone. Which of the following structures is at highest risk of injury?
A. Vertebral artery
B. Jugular vein
C. Spinal cord
D. Hypoglossal nerve
3. A 60-year-old patient with metastatic cancer presents with a lytic lesion in the occipital bone. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial management?
A. Biopsy
B. Radiation therapy
C. Surgical resection
D. Chemotherapy
4. A 30-year-old patient with a history of migraines reports a new onset of severe occipital headaches. Which of the following cranial nerves is involved in the innervation of the occipital region?
A. Trigeminal nerve
B. Facial nerve
C. Glossopharyngeal nerve
D. Greater occipital nerve
5. A 55-year-old patient with rheumatoid arthritis presents with tenderness and swelling over the occipital region. This is most likely due to:
A. Occipital osteomyelitis
B. Occipital bone erosion
C. Occipital neuralgia
D. Occipital artery aneurysm
6. A 70-year-old patient with a history of falls presents with a closed head injury. Imaging reveals a fracture of the occipital bone. Which of the following is the most important initial management?
A. Anticonvulsant therapy
B. Surgical intervention
C. Neurological monitoring
D. Osmotic diuretics
7. A 40-year-old patient with a history of intravenous drug use presents with a draining sinus over the occipital region. This is most suggestive of:
A. Occipital osteomyelitis
B. Occipital bone tumor
C. Occipital neuralgia
D. Occipital artery aneurysm
8. A 25-year-old patient sustains a gunshot wound to the occipital region. Which of the following structures is at highest risk of injury?
A. Cerebellum
B. Brainstem
C. Occipital lobe
D. Lateral ventricles
9. A 35-year-old patient with a history of headaches reports tenderness over the occipital region. Which of the following diagnostic tests is most appropriate for evaluating occipital neuralgia?
A. Computed tomography (CT) scan
B. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
C. Nerve conduction studies
D. Occipital nerve block
10. A 50-year-old patient with a history of cancer presents with a painful mass over the occipital region. Imaging reveals a lytic lesion in the occipital bone. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?
A. Biopsy
B. Radiation therapy
C. Surgical resection
D. Chemotherapy
11. A 65-year-old patient with a history of osteoporosis presents with a closed head injury. Imaging reveals a fracture of the occipital bone. Which of the following is the most important consideration in managing this patient?
A. Risk of intracranial hemorrhage
B. Risk of cerebrospinal fluid leak
C. Risk of meningitis
D. Risk of occipital neuralgia
12. A 30-year-old patient with a history of migraines reports severe occipital headaches and neck pain. Which of the following structures is involved in the innervation of the occipital region?
A. Trigeminal nerve
B. Facial nerve
C. Glossopharyngeal nerve
D. Greater occipital nerve
13. A 40-year-old patient with a history of rheumatoid arthritis presents with tenderness and swelling over the occipital region. Imaging reveals erosion of the occipital bone. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial management?
A. Antibiotic therapy
B. Steroid therapy
C. Surgical intervention
D. Radiation therapy
14. A 55-year-old patient with a history of falls presents with a closed head injury. Imaging reveals a fracture of the occipital bone and a subgaleal hematoma. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial management?
A. Anticonvulsant therapy
B. Surgical intervention
C. Neurological monitoring
D. Osmotic diuretics
15. A 70-year-old patient with a history of cancer presents with a painful mass over the occipital region. Imaging reveals a lytic lesion in the occipital bone. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial management?
A. Biopsy
B. Radiation therapy
C. Surgical resection
D. Chemotherapy
16. A 25-year-old patient sustains a gunshot wound to the occipital region. Imaging reveals a fracture of the occipital bone and injury to the cerebellum. Which of the following is the most common presenting symptom of cerebellar injury?
A. Ataxia
B. Vertigo
C. Nystagmus
D. Dysarthria
17. A 45-year-old patient with a history of migraines reports severe occipital headaches and neck pain. Which of the following diagnostic tests is most appropriate for evaluating occipital neuralgia?
A. Computed tomography (CT) scan
B. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
C. Nerve conduction studies
D. Occipital nerve block
18. A 60-year-old patient with a history of intravenous drug use presents with a draining sinus over the occipital region. Imaging reveals osteomyelitis of the occipital bone. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial management?
A. Antibiotic therapy
B. Surgical debridement
C. Radiation therapy
D. Both A and B
19. A 35-year-old patient with a history of headaches reports tenderness over the occipital region. Which of the following structures is involved in the innervation of the occipital region?
A. Trigeminal nerve
B. Facial nerve
C. Glossopharyngeal nerve
D. Greater occipital nerve
20. A 50-year-old patient with a history of cancer presents with a painful mass over the occipital region. Imaging reveals a lytic lesion in the occipital bone. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?
A. Biopsy
B. Radiation therapy
C. Surgical resection
D. Chemotherapy
21. A 65-year-old patient with a history of osteoporosis presents with a closed head injury. Imaging reveals a fracture of the occipital bone and a subdural hematoma. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial management?
A. Anticonvulsant therapy
B. Surgical intervention
C. Neurological monitoring
D. Osmotic diuretics
22. A 40-year-old patient with a history of rheumatoid arthritis presents with tenderness and swelling over the occipital region. Imaging reveals erosion of the occipital bone. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?
A. Antibiotic therapy
B. Steroid therapy
C. Surgical intervention
D. Radiation therapy
23. A 30-year-old patient with a history of migraines reports severe occipital headaches and neck pain. Which of the following diagnostic tests is most appropriate for evaluating occipital neuralgia?
A. Computed tomography (CT) scan
B. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
C. Nerve conduction studies
D. Occipital nerve block
24. A 55-year-old patient with a history of falls presents with a closed head injury. Imaging reveals a fracture of the occipital bone and a subdural hematoma. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial management?
A. Anticonvulsant therapy
B. Surgical intervention
C. Neurological monitoring
D. Osmotic diuretics