1. Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood sugar levels?
a) Insulin
b) Glucagon
c) Thyroxine
d) Estrogen
2. The master gland of the endocrine system is the:
a) Thyroid gland
b) Pancreas
c) Pituitary gland
d) Adrenal gland
3. Which hormone is known as the “stress hormone”?
a) Estrogen
b) Cortisol
c) Progesterone
d) Testosterone
4. Hyperthyroidism is characterized by an overproduction of which hormone?
a) Insulin
b) Thyroxine (T4)
c) Cortisol
d) Growth hormone
5. What hormone is responsible for promoting water reabsorption in the kidneys?
a) Aldosterone
b) Glucagon
c) Epinephrine
d) Prolactin
6. In diabetes, the inability of cells to respond to insulin is known as:
a) Type 1 diabetes
b) Type 2 diabetes
c) Insulin resistance
d) Gestational diabetes
7. Which hormone is responsible for regulating the sleep-wake cycle?
a) Melatonin
b) Thyroxine
c) Parathyroid hormone
d) Somatotropin
8. The condition in which there is an excess of growth hormone in adulthood is called:
a) Gigantism
b) Acromegaly
c) Dwarfism
d) Cushing’s syndrome
9. Which gland is responsible for the production of melatonin?
a) Pituitary gland
b) Pineal gland
c) Adrenal gland
d) Pancreas
10. Prolactin is a hormone that stimulates:
a) Growth of bones
b) Milk production in the breasts
c) Blood sugar levels
d) Heart rate
11. Which hormone regulates calcium levels in the blood?
a) Thyroxine
b) Parathyroid hormone
c) Insulin
d) Estrogen
12. The hormone responsible for the “fight or flight” response is:
a) Insulin
b) Epinephrine
c) Estrogen
d) Progesterone
13. In men, the primary hormone responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics is:
a) Testosterone
b) Estrogen
c) Progesterone
d) Prolactin
14. Which condition is characterized by a deficiency of thyroid hormones in infants?
a) Cretinism
b) Goiter
c) Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
d) Addison’s disease
15. Which hormone is produced by the adrenal glands in response to stress?
a) Aldosterone
b) Cortisol
c) Insulin
d) Glucagon
16. The hormone responsible for stimulating uterine contractions during labor is:
a) Estrogen
b) Oxytocin
c) Progesterone
d) Thyroxine
17. Hyperparathyroidism is characterized by excess production of:
a) Thyroxine
b) Parathyroid hormone
c) Insulin
d) Estrogen
18. Which gland is known as the “third eye” and plays a role in circadian rhythms?
a) Pituitary gland
b) Pineal gland
c) Adrenal gland
d) Pancreas
19. The hormone responsible for promoting the maturation of eggs in the ovaries is:
a) Insulin
b) Progesterone
c) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
d) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
20. Which condition results from an excess of aldosterone production?
a) Addison’s disease
b) Cushing’s syndrome
c) Conn’s syndrome
d) Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
21. The hormone responsible for promoting the development of breast tissue in females is:
a) Prolactin
b) Oxytocin
c) Estrogen
d) Progesterone
22. Hypothyroidism is characterized by an underproduction of which hormone?
a) Insulin
b) Cortisol
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Glucagon
23. The hormone that stimulates the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow is:
a) Thyroxine
b) Erythropoietin
c) Insulin
d) Parathyroid hormone
24. Which hormone is produced by the placenta during pregnancy and helps maintain the uterine lining?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
d) Prolactin
25. The condition in which the pancreas produces little to no insulin is called:
a) Hyperthyroidism
b) Type 1 diabetes
c) Type 2 diabetes
d) Gestational diabetes
26. What is the primary function of the adrenal medulla?
a) Producing cortisol
b) Producing epinephrine and norepinephrine
c) Regulating calcium levels
d) Regulating insulin levels
27. The hormone responsible for regulating sodium and potassium levels in the body is:
a) Thyroxine
b) Cortisol
c) Aldosterone
d) Glucagon
28. Which hormone stimulates the development of male secondary sexual characteristics?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin
29. The condition characterized by an overproduction of growth hormone in childhood is known as:
a) Gigantism
b) Acromegaly
c) Dwarfism
d) Addison’s disease
30. Which condition results from a deficiency of insulin production or action?
a) Hyperthyroidism
b) Type 1 diabetes
c) Type 2 diabetes
d) Cushing’s syndrome
31. The hormone responsible for regulating the body’s metabolism is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Prolactin
32. Which hormone plays a role in regulating blood calcium levels by stimulating bone resorption?
a) Parathyroid hormone
b) Insulin
c) Cortisol
d) Aldosterone
33. The hormone responsible for promoting milk ejection during breastfeeding is:
a) Estrogen
b) Oxytocin
c) Progesterone
d) Thyroxine
34. In hyperthyroidism, the thyroid gland is overactive and produces excessive amounts of:
a) Insulin
b) Cortisol
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Glucagon
35. Which hormone stimulates the release of an egg from the ovary?
a) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
b) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
c) Prolactin
d) Oxytocin
36. Addison’s disease is characterized by a deficiency of hormones produced by which gland?
a) Thyroid gland
b) Adrenal gland
c) Pituitary gland
d) Pancreas
37. Which hormone is responsible for regulating the body’s response to stress and inflammation?
a) Epinephrine
b) Insulin
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Cortisol
38. The condition characterized by excessive thirst and urination, often related to diabetes, is called:
a) Cushing’s syndrome
b) Polydipsia
c) Hypothyroidism
d) Addison’s disease
39. The hormone that regulates the body’s sleep-wake cycle is:
a) Epinephrine
b) Melatonin
c) Insulin
d) Prolactin
40. What hormone is produced by the ovaries and is responsible for the development of female secondary sexual characteristics?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin
41. The primary hormone produced by the adrenal cortex is:
a) Epinephrine
b) Aldosterone
c) Cortisol
d) Oxytocin
42. The hormone responsible for promoting the development and maintenance of male sexual characteristics is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin
43. Which condition results from an underproduction of insulin or the body’s inability to use it effectively?
a) Hyperthyroidism
b) Type 1 diabetes
c) Type 2 diabetes
d) Cushing’s syndrome
44. The hormone that regulates blood pressure by controlling sodium and potassium levels is:
a) Insulin
b) Cortisol
c) Aldosterone
d) Thyroxine
45. What is the primary hormone responsible for milk production in the breasts?
a) Oxytocin
b) Estrogen
c) Progesterone
d) Prolactin
46. In diabetes, the hormone responsible for lowering blood sugar levels is:
a) Insulin
b) Glucagon
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Cortisol
47. Which hormone stimulates the growth and development of bones and muscles?
a) Estrogen
b) Thyroxine (T4)
c) Growth hormone
d) Progesterone
48. The hormone that plays a crucial role in regulating the menstrual cycle and pregnancy is:
a) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
b) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
c) Progesterone
d) Prolactin
49. What is the primary hormone produced by the ovaries and responsible for regulating the menstrual cycle?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin
50. Which hormone stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine (T4)?
a) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
b) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
c) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
d) Prolactin
51. The hormone responsible for maintaining the uterine lining during pregnancy is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Oxytocin
d) Thyroxine (T4)
52. Which hormone stimulates the release of milk from the mammary glands during breastfeeding?
a) Estrogen
b) Oxytocin
c) Progesterone
d) Thyroxine (T4)
53. The condition characterized by an enlarged thyroid gland is known as:
a) Goiter
b) Cushing’s syndrome
c) Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
d) Gigantism
54. In diabetes, the hormone responsible for raising blood sugar levels is:
a) Insulin
b) Glucagon
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Cortisol
55. What hormone is produced by the hypothalamus and stimulates the release of hormones from the pituitary gland?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
d) Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
56. The hormone that regulates blood calcium levels by promoting calcium uptake in bones is:
a) Insulin
b) Cortisol
c) Parathyroid hormone
d) Estrogen
57. Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the growth and development of the female reproductive system?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin
58. The hormone responsible for promoting the development of male secondary sexual characteristics is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin
59. Which hormone is produced by the parathyroid glands and regulates blood calcium levels?
a) Insulin
b) Cortisol
c) Parathyroid hormone
d) Glucagon
60. The hormone responsible for regulating the menstrual cycle and preparing the uterus for pregnancy is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Oxytocin
61. In diabetes, the hormone responsible for converting glucose into energy is:
a) Insulin
b) Glucagon
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Cortisol
62. What hormone stimulates the production of red blood cells in response to low oxygen levels?
a) Erythropoietin
b) Estrogen
c) Insulin
d) Cortisol
63. The hormone responsible for regulating the menstrual cycle and ovulation is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
d) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
64. Which hormone is produced by the adrenal glands and is involved in the fight-or-flight response?
a) Thyroxine (T4)
b) Epinephrine
c) Insulin
d) Oxytocin
65. The hormone that promotes the development of the male reproductive system is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin
66. Which hormone stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine (T4)?
a) Lutein
izing hormone (LH)
b) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
c) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
d) Prolactin
67. The hormone responsible for promoting the development of female secondary sexual characteristics is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin
68. What is the primary hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that regulates salt and water balance in the body?
a) Epinephrine
b) Aldosterone
c) Cortisol
d) Oxytocin
69. In diabetes, the hormone responsible for raising blood sugar levels is:
a) Insulin
b) Glucagon
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Cortisol
70. Which hormone stimulates the release of milk from the mammary glands during breastfeeding?
a) Estrogen
b) Oxytocin
c) Progesterone
d) Thyroxine (T4)
71. The hormone responsible for promoting the growth and development of the male reproductive system is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin
72. Which hormone is produced by the hypothalamus and stimulates the release of hormones from the pituitary gland?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
d) Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
73. The hormone that regulates blood calcium levels by promoting calcium uptake in bones is:
a) Insulin
b) Cortisol
c) Parathyroid hormone
d) Estrogen
74. What hormone stimulates the growth and development of the female reproductive system?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin
75. The hormone responsible for regulating the menstrual cycle and preparing the uterus for pregnancy is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Oxytocin
76. In diabetes, the hormone responsible for converting glucose into energy is:
a) Insulin
b) Glucagon
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Cortisol
77. What hormone stimulates the production of red blood cells in response to low oxygen levels?
a) Erythropoietin
b) Estrogen
c) Insulin
d) Cortisol
78. The hormone responsible for regulating the menstrual cycle and ovulation is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
d) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
79. Which hormone is produced by the adrenal glands and is involved in the fight-or-flight response?
a) Thyroxine (T4)
b) Epinephrine
c) Insulin
d) Oxytocin
80. The hormone that promotes the development of the male reproductive system is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin
81. What is the primary hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that regulates salt and water balance in the body?
a) Epinephrine
b) Aldosterone
c) Cortisol
d) Oxytocin
82. In diabetes, the hormone responsible for raising blood sugar levels is:
a) Insulin
b) Glucagon
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Cortisol
83. Which hormone stimulates the release of milk from the mammary glands during breastfeeding?
a) Estrogen
b) Oxytocin
c) Progesterone
d) Thyroxine (T4)
84. The hormone responsible for promoting the growth and development of the male reproductive system is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin
85. Which hormone is produced by the hypothalamus and stimulates the release of hormones from the pituitary gland?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
d) Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
86. The hormone that regulates blood calcium levels by promoting calcium uptake in bones is:
a) Insulin
b) Cortisol
c) Parathyroid hormone
d) Estrogen
87. What hormone stimulates the growth and development of the female reproductive system?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin
88. The hormone responsible for regulating the menstrual cycle and preparing the uterus for pregnancy is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Oxytocin
89. In diabetes, the hormone responsible for converting glucose into energy is:
a) Insulin
b) Glucagon
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Cortisol
90. What hormone stimulates the production of red blood cells in response to low oxygen levels?
a) Erythropoietin
b) Estrogen
c) Insulin
d) Cortisol
91. The hormone responsible for regulating the menstrual cycle and ovulation is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
d) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
92. Which hormone is produced by the adrenal glands and is involved in the fight-or-flight response?
a) Thyroxine (T4)
b) Epinephrine
c) Insulin
d) Oxytocin
93. The hormone that promotes the development of the male reproductive system is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin
94. What is the primary hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that regulates salt and water balance in the body?
a) Epinephrine
b) Aldosterone
c) Cortisol
d) Oxytocin
95. In diabetes, the hormone responsible for raising blood sugar levels is:
a) Insulin
b) Glucagon
c) Thyroxine (T4)
d) Cortisol
96. Which hormone stimulates the release of milk from the mammary glands during breastfeeding?
a) Estrogen
b) Oxytocin
c) Progesterone
d) Thyroxine (T4)
97. The hormone responsible for promoting the growth and development of the male reproductive system is:
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin
98.
Which hormone is produced by the hypothalamus and stimulates the release of hormones from the pituitary gland?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
d) Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
99. The hormone that regulates blood calcium levels by promoting calcium uptake in bones is:
a) Insulin
b) Cortisol
c) Parathyroid hormone
d) Estrogen
100. What hormone stimulates the growth and development of the female reproductive system?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin
Endocrinology Pathology Questions
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