The Global Threat of Antimicrobial Resistance Antimicrobial resistance poses a serious global threat as some bacterial infections are becoming increasingly difficult, and sometimes impossible, to treat due to the emergence and spread of drug-resistant microorganisms. According to the World Health…
Going through medical school is one of the biggest challenges a person can take on. The coursework is incredibly intense and demanding, requiring countless hours of studying each week just to keep up. On top of that, medical students have…
1. Which of the following BEST describes a public health approach to dental care? A) focuses on individual treatment B) emphasizes prevention for populations C) provides care primarily through private practices D) relies on out-of-pocket payments from patients 2. Which…
1. A researcher wants to investigate the effect of a new medication on blood pressure. Which of the following is the most appropriate null hypothesis? A) The new medication has no effect on blood pressure. B) The new medication…
1. A 55-year-old man with a history of alcohol abuse presents with new-onset ascites. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management? A. Initiate diuretic therapy B. Recommend large-volume paracentesis C. Recommend liver transplantation D. Recommend…
1. A 65-year-old man with cirrhosis secondary to hepatitis C is found to have a 3 cm liver mass on routine abdominal imaging. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management? A. Initiate treatment with sorafenib…
1. A 55-year-old man with alcohol-related cirrhosis presents with new-onset ascites. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management? A. Initiate diuretic therapy B. Recommend large-volume paracentesis C. Recommend liver transplantation D. Recommend salt restriction and…
1. A 35-year-old man presents with acute hepatitis, nausea, vomiting, and jaundice. Serologic testing is positive for IgM anti-hepatitis E virus (HEV) antibodies. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management? A. Initiate treatment with ribavirin…
1. A 55-year-old man presents with fatigue and jaundice. Laboratory tests reveal elevated AST, ALT, and bilirubin levels. Hepatitis C antibody is positive, and HCV RNA is detected. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?…
1. A 35-year-old man is found to have positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and positive hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) on routine screening. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management? A. Initiate treatment with…
1. A 30-year-old man presents with 1 week of nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Physical examination reveals scleral icterus and hepatomegaly. Laboratory testing shows elevated transaminases and positive IgM anti-hepatitis A virus (HAV) antibodies. Which of the following is the…
1. A 50-year-old obese man with a history of type 2 diabetes presents with fatigue and right upper quadrant abdominal pain. Liver function tests reveal elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. Ultrasonography shows a hyperechoic liver consistent…
1. A 65-year-old man with a history of hypertension and coronary artery disease presents with palpitations, shortness of breath, and decreased exercise tolerance. Electrocardiography reveals irregular, chaotic atrial activity and an irregularly irregular ventricular response. Which of the following is…
1. A 65-year-old man with a history of hypertension and myocardial infarction presents with progressive dyspnea, orthopnea, and lower extremity edema. Echocardiography reveals a left ventricular ejection fraction of 35%. Which of the following is the most likely cause of…
1. A 70-year-old man with a history of hypertension presents with progressive exertional dyspnea and angina. Physical examination reveals a harsh systolic murmur best heard at the right upper sternal border. Which of the following is the most appropriate next…
1. A 25-year-old woman presents with a history of recurrent episodes of fever, joint pain, and migratory polyarthritis. Physical examination reveals a new diastolic murmur. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? A. Acute rheumatic fever B. Chronic…
1. A 45-year-old man presents with sudden-onset chest pain that worsens with inspiration and lying down. Electrocardiography (ECG) shows diffuse ST-segment elevation. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? A. Acute myocardial infarction B. Acute pericarditis C. Acute…
1. A 45-year-old man with a history of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy presents with syncope during exercise. Echocardiography reveals severe left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management? A. Initiate beta-blocker therapy B.…
1. A 58-year-old woman with a history of hyperlipidemia presents with progressive exercise intolerance and shortness of breath. An echocardiogram reveals severe aortic stenosis. Which of the following is the most likely underlying mechanism for this patient’s aortic stenosis? A.…