1. Which of the following utilizes properties of adult stem cells? A) Gene therapy B) Tissue engineering C) Regenerative medicine 2. Platelet-rich plasma injections are used to aid healing of what types of tissues? A) Bones B) Nerves C) Skin D) Tendons 3. The goal of tissue engineering is to: A) Repair tissues B) Develop… Read More »
In Brazil, the requirements for medical professionals are governed by the national regulatory body, the Federal Council of Medicine (Conselho Federal de Medicina or CFM), and its state counterparts. To practice as a doctor in Brazil, individuals must fulfill the following key requirements: Medical Degree: Prospective doctors must graduate from a recognized medical school in… Read More »
1. All are considered core features of anorexia nervosa EXCEPT: A. Intense fear of gaining weight B. Distorted body image C. Excessive exercising D. Significant weight gain 2. Restricting type anorexia nervosa is characterized by: A. Binge eating followed by vomiting B. Laxative or diuretic misuse C. Restricting food intake without compensation D. Night eating… Read More »
1. DMDD was introduced in DSM-5 to address issues with the diagnosis of: A. Bipolar disorder in children B. ADHD C. OCD in children D. PTSD in children 2. The core diagnostic features of DMDD include: A. Periods of abnormally elevated or irritable mood B. Severe, recurrent temper outbursts C. Symptoms present for at least… Read More »
1. A 40-year-old widowed man describes feeling sad most of the day, decreased appetite, insomnia, fatigue, worthlessness. This matches the diagnosis of: 2. Depression is more common in which gender: A. Males B. Females C. Equal between males and females 3. Depressed mood that occurs in a seasonal pattern would be most characteristic of: A.… Read More »
1. Which is NOT considered a core symptom of BPD according to DSM-5 criteria? A) Frantic efforts to avoid abandonment B) Identity disturbance C) Depressed mood D) Unstable and intense interpersonal relationships 2. Impulsivity in areas that are self-damaging such as spending, sex, substance abuse, reckless driving, binge eating is a hallmark feature of BPD.… Read More »
1. Bipolar disorder involves periods of extreme low mood (depression) alternating with periods of abnormally elevated mood (mania/hypomania). True or false? A. True B. False 2. Which is NOT considered a core symptom of mania/hypomania in bipolar disorder? A. Grandiosity B. Depressive symptoms C. Reduced need for sleep D. Distractibility 3. Bipolar disorder is most… Read More »
1. ASD is characterized by difficulties in which three main areas? A) Social skills, communication, rigid behaviors B) Intelligence, emotions, motor skills C) Attention, learning, memory D) Sensory processing, motor skills, flexibility 2. Early red flags of ASD may include lack of which skills? A) Joint attention, pretend play B) Eye contact, social smiling C)… Read More »
1. Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of ADHD? a) Hyperactivity b) Excessive sleepiness c) Obsessive-compulsive behavior d) Social withdrawal 2. ADHD is most commonly diagnosed during which stage of life? a) Early childhood b) Adolescence c) Adulthood d) Old age 3. What is the primary neurotransmitter implicated in ADHD? a) Dopamine b)… Read More »
1. Which of the following is NOT a first-line treatment for social anxiety disorder? A. CBT B. Paroxetine C. Exposure therapy D. Buspirone 2. A patient is experiencing panic attacks several times a week associated with a fear of having additional panic attacks or dying. This is consistent with: A. OCD B. GAD C. PTSD… Read More »
1. A 55-year-old male with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents with recurrent chest pain. Genetic testing reveals a variant associated with clopidogrel metabolism. How would this information impact his antiplatelet therapy? 2. A 30-year-old female is diagnosed with breast cancer. Genomic profiling identifies a BRCA1 mutation. What precision medicine approach would you recommend… Read More »
1. What is neonatal jaundice?Neonatal jaundice is a common condition in newborns, characterized by the yellow discoloration of the skin and sclera due to elevated bilirubin levels. 2. What causes neonatal jaundice?The most common cause is physiological jaundice, resulting from the immature liver’s inability to efficiently process bilirubin in the early days of life. 3.… Read More »
Here are 100 multiple choice questions on the mRNA platform: 1. What do mRNA vaccines deliver to cells? A. Protein antigen B. Viral vector C. DNA plasmidD. Attenuated virus 2. How does the mRNA induce an immune response?A. It acts as a traditional vaccineB. Gets translated into viral surface proteins by ribosomes C. Infects cells… Read More »
1. Which technology is most commonly used for gene editing? a) ZFNs b) TALENs c) CRISPR-Cas9 d) Meganucleases 2. CRISPR-Cas9 functions by: a) Cutting DNA at a specific location b) Inserting a new DNA sequence c) Both cutting DNA and inserting a new sequence d) Preventing genes from being expressed 3. Cas9 is: a) A… Read More »
Arthritis is a common cause of disability worldwide, impacting over 300 million people. It causes chronic pain, stiffness, and loss of mobility in joints. The two most prevalent forms are osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Currently, treatment options focus on managing symptoms through medications, physical therapy, exercise, and joint replacement surgery for severe cases. However, none… Read More »
Gene editing holds tremendous promise for improving human health through targeted modifications to our DNA. CRISPR-Cas9, the latest gene editing tool developed from bacterial immune systems, has enabled a new era of precision biomedical research and therapeutics. Here are some of the exciting ways scientists are applying this technology. Treating and Curing Genetic Diseases One… Read More »
Summary Here are some traditional and scientifically validated ways to help reduce arthritis pain: – Exercise – Low-impact activities like walking, swimming and water aerobics put less stress on joints while maintaining range of motion and strengthening supporting muscles. This can help reduce pain and stiffness. – Weight loss (if overweight) – Extra pounds put… Read More »