We have to appreciate the fact that Diabetes Mellitus is a condition causing 25 times more blindness ; it is a condition causing Nephropathy ending up in Kidney failure; Neuropathy causing numbness, wounds & amputations and Heart Attacks & Strokes which occur 4 – 5 times more frequently. For obvious reasons then this metabolic … Read More »
Dr. Tauseefullah Akhund M.B.B.S, MPH (Sydney), (Australia) Page 1 2 3 COST PROJECTION (A): Fixed Cost FIXED COSTS PER YEAR Start Up Cost $105,000 per-bed x 18 = $1,890,000 (20 years life expectancy) Building 9 Bedrooms @ 2 bed 3 Shower rooms (en-suite) 3 Toilets Kitchen Lounge Laundry TV/Tape Computer Kitchen… Read More »
Dr. Tauseefullah Akhund M.B.B.S, MPH (Sydney), (Australia) Page 1 2 3 INTRODUCTION (A): Rationale The older peoples need help that’s why people start a new business to build Nursing Homes. Unfortunately, the total numbers of Nursing Homes in Australia are not sufficient to fulfil the basic needs of Aged people. In this… Read More »
Dr. Tauseefullah Akhund M.B.B.S, MPH (Sydney), (Australia) Page 1 2 3 Construct a Budget. Students are required to develop a new cost centre with income earning potential and develop a zero based budget i.e. from scratch, for a project of their choice. The proposed topic must be discussed with the Lecturer and approved… Read More »
Blackwater Fever: A Serious Complication of Malaria Blackwater fever is a rare but dangerous complication of malaria infection. It occurs almost exclusively with infection from the parasite Plasmodium falciparum[5]. The disease is characterized by the bursting of red blood cells (hemolysis) in the bloodstream, leading to the release of hemoglobin directly into the blood vessels… Read More »
Tauseef Akhund Research Officer Paediatric Department. Agha Khan University Karachi Pakistan Bird flu is an infection caused by avian (bird) influenza (flu) viruses. These flu viruses occur naturally among birds. Wild birds worldwide carry the viruses in their intestines, but usually do not get sick from them. However, bird flu is very contagious among… Read More »
Cardiac arrhythmias, commonly referred to as irregular heartbeats, are disruptions in the normal rhythm of the heart’s electrical system. These rhythm abnormalities can affect the heart’s ability to pump blood effectively, potentially leading to serious health complications. Understanding the causes, types, symptoms, and management of cardiac arrhythmias is essential for maintaining cardiovascular health. Causes and… Read More »
Addison’s disease, also known as adrenal insufficiency, is a rare chronic condition characterized by the inadequate production of the hormones cortisol and aldosterone by the adrenal glands[4]. It is important for medical students to understand the etiology, pathogenesis, and management of this condition in order to provide effective care to patients. Here is a comprehensive… Read More »
Diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood sugar levels, can lead to various complications that affect multiple organs and systems within the body. While long-term complications are well-recognized, acute complications also demand attention due to their sudden onset and potential severity. This article delves into the acute complications of diabetes mellitus, shedding… Read More »
Nasal Polyps>>Definition>>Classification>>Ethmoidal polyp>>Antrocoanal polyp>>Prevention>>Complication>>Differential diagnosis PREVENTION OF RECURRENCE OF NASAL POLYPS Identify the underlying cause of polyps and treat it accordingly. COMPLICATIONS OF NASAL POLYPS. 1. Nasal obstruction 2. Insomnia 3. Sinusitis 4. Respiratory tract infections 5. Broadening of nose and increased intercanthal distance. 6. Headache 7. Facial pain. IMPORTANT POINTS TO REMEMBER IN A CASE… Read More »
Nasal Polyps>>Definition>>Classification>>Ethmoidal polyp>>Antrocoanal polyp>>Prevention>>Complication>>Differential diagnosis DEFINITION This polyp arises from the mucosa of maxillary antrum near its accessory ostium, comes out and grows in choana and nasal cavity. Thus it has 3 parts Antral · Choanal · Nasal ETIOLOGY Nasal allergy coupled with sinus infection is important cause. These polyps… Read More »
Nasal Polyps>>Definition>>Classification>>Ethmoidal polyp>>Antrocoanal polyp>>Prevention>>Complication>>Differential diagnosis Nasal Polyps ETHMOIDAL POLYPI Definition There is edematous hypertrophy of submucosa with loose fibrous stroma. ETIOLOGY Polyps are RED FLAGS indicating the presence of chronic inflammatory: chronic sinusitis (longstanding bacterial infection of facial sinuses) is one explanation; as is allergy (eg allergy to pollen, dust mites, mould spore, cat danden e.t.c.). Other possible causes… Read More »
Nasal Polyps Definition>Classification>Ethmoidal polyp>Antrocoanal polyp>Prevention>Complication>Differential diagnosis DEFINITION Nasal polyps are non-neoplastic masses of edematous nasal or sinus mucosa INCIDENCE Incidence in general population is unknown possibly between 1 % -2 % .There is higher incidence in asthmatics (20 –30 %) and even higher (49 %) in those asthmatics hypersensitive to aspirin .It is most… Read More »
Definition Nasal polyps are non-neoplastic masses of edematous nasal or sinus mucosa Incidence Approx 1-2 percent in general population Classification Nasal polyps are classified into 2 main categories. Ethmoidal polyp There is edematous hypertrophy of submucosa with loose fibrous stroma. Antrocoanal polyp This polyp arises from the mucosa of maxillary antrum near its accessory ostium,… Read More »
Continuing Medical Education (CME) resources in cardiology are essential for healthcare professionals to stay updated with the latest developments, guidelines, and evidence-based practices in cardiovascular medicine. Here are some reputable CME resources related to cardiology: 1. American College of Cardiology (ACC) – Education and Meetings: ACC offers a wide range of CME activities, including conferences,… Read More »
Anatomy exam practice test of anatomy , exam videos and anatomy tables. Some material can only be accessed by university students. www.med.umich.edu Anatomy Practice exam. Label the names of arteries, nerves, dermatomes, muscles, and bones by Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine. www.lumen.luc.edu Practice exam Practice Exams for Structure of the Human Body by… Read More »
Gross Anatomy Links for image databases, teaching material and atlases. www.welovelmc.com/books/anatomy Histology Histology slides, atlases, books and exam resources. www.welovelmc.com/books/anatomy Embryology Make embryology easy by animations, atlases and glossary. www.welovelmc.com/books/anatomy Interactive Exams Helps in passing the exams with practice test . www.welovelmc.com/books/anatomy
Histology Atlas By university of Lowa college of medicine. www.vh.org Histology Slides. Large collection of histology slides by College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. www.med.uiuc.edu Histology notes and Mcqs By School of Anatomy and Human Biology – The University of Western Australia. www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au Histology Exam Another histology exam site by College of Medicine, University of Illinois… Read More »
Anatomy of the cranial cavity. Contents, boundaries and importance of the cranial cavity. Anatomy and Physiology 2e is a valuable resource for students, researchers, and anyone who wants to learn more about anatomy and physiology. The textbook is free to access and can be downloaded as a PDF file. Here are some of the pros… Read More »
Before We Are Born: Essentials of Embryology and Birth Defects by Keith L. Moore and T.V.N. Persaud: This textbook provides a concise and readable overview of human embryology, focusing on birth defects. Human Embryology by T.W. Sadler: This free online textbook covers the entire range of human embryology, from conception to birth. It includes high-quality… Read More »